Element:412

Description 412 is a LTR retrotransposon described in Drosophilamelanogaster (Poter et al. 1979; Yuki et al. 1986a). In embryos of the Drosophila strain Df(3L)AC1 the expression of 412 is regulated by the homeotic genes abdominal-A and abdominal-B. This element provides thus a useful early marker for the development of the gonadal mesoderm in Drosophila embryos (Brookman et al. 1992). 412 is similar to mdg1 and belongs to 412/mdg1 clade (Malik and Eickbush1999). Phylogenetic analyses suggest that this clade is closely related to errantiviruses. The integrase product encoded by 412/mdg1 elements has been related to a single copy gene, which codifies for a putative integrase protein (GIN-1) in humans and other vertebrates (Lloréns and Marín 2001). The genomic structure of 412 is 6.9 Kb in size including LTRs of 310 nt. The internal region of this element displays a Primer Binding Site (PBS) complementary to a tRNA Lys, three Open Reading Frames (ORFs) coding for a gag precursor, another ORF for a pol precursor, and a Polypurine Tract (PPT) adjacent to the 3′LTR (Yuki et al. 1986b). Structure Figure not to scale. If present, long terminal repeats (LTRs) have been highlighted in blue. Amino acid motifs noted with lines indicate the conserved residues in each protein domain, abbreviations below mean: MA=matrix PR=protease DU or DUT=dUTPase TM=transmembrane TAV or IBMP=transactivator/viroplasmin or inclusion body matrix protein CA=capsid RT=reverse transcriptase INT=Integrase CHR=chromodomain NC=nucleocapsid RH=RNaseH SU=surface MOV=movement protein PPT=polypurine tract PBS=primer binding site ATF=aphid transmission factor VAP=virion associated protein Related literature Mobile DNA II. (Craig et al. 2002)

Genbank accession: X04132 Clade: 412/Mdg1 Cluster or genus: Undetermined Branch or class: Branch 2 Family: Ty3/Gypsy System: LTR retroelements Host: Explore the Tree Life Project Drosophila melanogaster Image, courtesy of Andreas Trepte, Max-Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics Browse all elements