Element:BLV

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Description

Bovine Leukemia Virus (BLV) is a complex retrovirus associated with Enzootic Bovine Leukosis (EBL), the most common neoplastic cattle disease. Infection by this virus can be clinically silent, but detection and synthesis of BLV virus particles has been observed in infected lymphocyte cultures (Stock and Ferrer 1972; Baliga and Ferrer 1977; Ferrer, Avila, and Stock 1977; Ferrer, Cabradilla and Gupta 1980; Ferrer 1980; Kettmann et al. 1980; Burny et al. 1985; Tajima et al. 1998). Together with other leukemia retroviruses, BLV belongs to the genus Deltaretrovirus (Sagata et al. 1985; Tajima et al. 1998; Fauquet et al. 2005). The genomic structure of BLV is 8.4-8.5 Kb in size including LTRs of 763 nt (pro-5´LTR and pro3´LTR of 321 and 442 nt respectively). The internal region of this retrovirus displays a Primer Binding Site (PBS) complementary to a tRNAPro; three Open Reading Frames (ORFs) for gag, pol, and env genes characteristic of retroviruses, and accessory genes rex and tax, both essential for viral replication and cellular transformation in infected cells (see HTLV-1 or accessory genes), and finally, a Polypurine Tract (PPT) adjacent to 3´LTR (Sagata et al. 1985).

Structure

Blv.png


Figure not to scale. If present, long terminal repeats (LTRs) have been highlighted in blue. Amino acid motifs noted with lines indicate the conserved residues in each protein domain, abbreviations below mean:

MA=matrix PR=protease DU or DUT=dUTPase TM=transmembrane TAV or IBMP=transactivator/viroplasmin or inclusion body matrix protein
CA=capsid RT=reverse transcriptase INT=Integrase CHR=chromodomain
NC=nucleocapsid RH=RNaseH SU=surface MOV=movement protein
PPT=polypurine tract PBS=primer binding site ATF=aphid transmission factor VAP=virion associated protein

Related literature

Genbank accession: AF033818
Clade: Oncovirinae C-type
Cluster or genus: Deltaretrovirus
Branch or class: Class 2
Family: Retroviridae
System: LTR retroelements
Host:
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Welcome to the Gypsy Database (GyDB) an open editable database about the evolutionary relationship of viruses, mobile genetic elements (MGEs) and the genomic repeats where we invite all authors to contribute with their knowledge to improve and expand the topics.
Cite this project:

Llorens, C., Futami, R., Covelli, L., Dominguez-Escriba, L., Viu, J.M., Tamarit, D., Aguilar-Rodriguez, J. Vicente-Ripolles, M., Fuster, G., Bernet, G.P., Maumus, F., Munoz-Pomer, A., Sempere, J.M., LaTorre, A., Moya, A. (2011) The Gypsy Database (GyDB) of Mobile Genetic Elements: Release 2.0 Nucleic Acids Research (NARESE) 39 (suppl 1): D70-D74 doi: 10.1093/nar/gkq1061

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